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Conversely, critics argue that full-face coverings are inconsistent with certain societal norms in Australia, particularly in contexts requiring clear communication and identification, such as law enforcement, healthcare, and education. Some policymakers and activists frame the debate as one of gender equality, suggesting that banning face coverings may promote women’s participation in public life. However, many scholars and advocates counter that such arguments can be paternalistic, ignoring the agency of women who choose to wear the garments.