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One of Hawking’s most famous ideas for protecting humanity’s future was the expansion of human civilization beyond Earth. He often suggested that establishing colonies on other planets could act as a kind of “insurance policy” for the human species.
If a major disaster occurred on Earth—whether caused by natural events like asteroid impacts or human-made crises—having human settlements elsewhere could help ensure the survival of civilization.
While such goals remain technologically challenging, advances in space technology have brought them closer to reality.