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Although military competition has intensified, diplomatic channels remain active.
Analysts generally agree that maintaining communication among nuclear-armed powers remains critical to reducing the possibility of misunderstandings.
Missile Defense and Nuclear Deterrence
One of the central disagreements concerns the relationship between missile defense and nuclear deterrence.
Russia, however, has long maintained that continued expansion of such systems could eventually affect the balance that has helped deter direct conflict among nuclear powers for decades.
This disagreement remains one of the most significant unresolved issues in international security.
Recent years have seen increased military exercises, expanded Arctic patrols, and greater investment in northern infrastructure by several countries.
Looking Ahead
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